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Telnet

Telnet atau Terminal Emulation adalah program yang memungkinkan anda untuk mengetikkan perintah seakan-akan anda berada pada mesin tersebut. Telnet menjadi tools yang banyak digunakan oleh hacker karena hampir semua OS mempunyai tools ini dan penggunaannya yang sangat sederhana.

Karena telnet mensimulasikan terminal, maka perintah-perintah yang anda lakukan akan menggunakan resource dari server secara penuh dan bukan resource dari computer client.

Telnet server digunakan oleh telnet client untuk mengeksekusi perintah dan bisa di install pada WinNT, Win2000, Linux, Unix, dll. Syntax penggunaan Telnet adalah :
C:\Telnet target port

Tracert
Tracert adalah utility yang digunakan untuk mengetahui tempat-tempat yang dilalui oleh suatu paket mencapai tujuannya. Dengan tracert anda bisa mengetahui lokasi-lokasi yang dilalui oleh suatu paket dan meneliti kecepatan serta masalah yang terjadi selama paket dalam perjalanan.
Tracert Tujuan

Netstat
Netstat adalah utility untuk mengetahui statistic dari protocol dan current state dari koneksi TCP/IP.

Nbstat
Nbstat adalah utility untuk mengecek koneksi Netbios over TCP/IP, update chace LMHOSTS dan scope ID.

SNMP
SNMP atau Simple Network Management Protokol adalah protocol yang digunakan untuk memonitor status komunikasi antara bermacam-macam host yang menggunakan protocol TCP/IP. Contoh yang bisa dimonitor oleh SNMP ini adalah :
*Komputer NT/W2K
*LAN Manager Server
*Router
*Gateways
*Mini Computer
*Mainframe
*Terminal Server
*Hubs
*Dll

The Internet is the name for a group of worldwide information resources. These resources are so vast as to be well beyond the comprehension of a single human being. Not only is there no one who understands all of the Internet, there is no one who even understands most of the Internet. The Internet is often thought of as a global network of computers, or as a group of computer networks worldwide. The computer networks are simply the medium that carries the information. The beauty and utility of the Internet lie in the information itself that is being transmitted.

The Internet has undergone a remarkable transformation since its early days. Originally, the Internet was a low-speed, text-based network used to connect a few government sites to the research and defense contracting community. The Internet came into existence by the U.S. Department of Defense project called ARPAnet(Advanced Research Project Agency Network) in the late 1960’s. It was designed by network architects to interconnect government computers with defense contractors. The design of the network was such that no single computer system would be dependent on any other computer systems within the network.

In the 1970’s, the Internet began to be interconnected with large universities and research organizations. The type of information going across the Internet began to change from being defense oriented to that of research oriented, during the 1980’s, more universities and government contractors began using the internet, contributing to its growth. As the amount of network traffics increased, the speed of the Internet began to slow down. In the mid-1980’s, the U.S. Department of Defense split up the network into the ARPAnet and the MilNet. The MilNet consist of only traffic to and from military sites and other government locations vital for national defence. The National Science Foundation (NSF) took over ARPAnet and merged it into a high-speed network called NSFnet.

The NSFnet was the prototype for the Internet infrastructure that we have today. It provided high-speed links among scientists and supercomputing facilities and served as the main Internet traffic arteries for the United States. People at universities and elsewhere immediately began using the increased speed for everything other than supercomputing. In 1995, the NSF handed over control of the Internet to commercial carries.

In the last couple of years Internet usage has shifted from universities to commercial use. This shift came about with the development of the World Wide Web by CERN (the high-energy physics research institute in Geneva, Switzerland). Coupled with this came the development of the first practical web browser, Mosaic, from the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA).

Web browsers allowed people to explore the resources of the Internet in a way that was far easier than the original text-based applications like FTP (file transfer protocol), Gopher (a search engine) and Telnet (remote access of a computer). As more people become interested in the Internet, the more web browsers were developed and came into use. The popular web browsers in use today are Netscape Navigator and Microsoft’s Internet Explorer. Web browsers were developed that were more graphics oriented and easier to use than the old text based applications.

Today, the Internet is being used by people from all walks of life. The Internet is like a 24-hour library that is never closed, with countless books and resources in almost any language of your choice.